How does heartburn relate to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Heartburn is defined as an episodic burning sensation behind the breastbone related to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD affects 20 to 30 percent of people in the United States and is related to the reflux or return of stomach acid into the esophagus. Yet, gastroenterologists commonly see patients describe heartburn that either fails to respond or responds incompletely to strong antisecretory drugs called proton pump inhibitors (such as Prilosec, Prevacid, Aciphex, Protonix and Nexium).

This is functional heartburn. It is important to recognize functional heartburn to avoid unnecessary surgery from a misdiagnosis of GERD.

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