How does fructose affect irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Fructans, a type of oligosaccharides (complex carbohydrates), are chains of the sugar fructose. These chains vary in length, and it is the shorter chains that probably cause the most irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) problems due to fermentation and osmotic activity. However, longer-chain fructans, sometime called inulins, are also capable of causing symptoms.

Short-chain fructans are often referred to as fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). They are found in a number of fruits and vegetables, notably garlic, onions, zucchini, watermelon, bananas, peaches, pineapples and grapes.

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