How does inflammation of the arteries affect the heart?

Inflammation of the arteries causes swelling of the artery walls. This reduces the diameter of the arteries and therefore blood flow. Swelling also causes the blood flow to become turbulent -- that is, not smooth as it should be, but swirling.

Turbulent blood flow makes potholes more likely to form in the walls of the arteries, and these potholes provide places where lipids and white blood cells can seep into the wall of the artery. The resulting buildup of lipid deposits along the artery walls (plaque) reduces the diameter of the blood vessel and blood flow even more. All of these events promote inflammation at the tip of the plaque, and clotting at that inflammatory focus, and subsequent cardiovascular disease.

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