1 It depends on your weight and the intensity with which you're running/cycling/swimming. Here's a calculator where you can enter those variables, and come up with an accurate calorie count:prohealth.com/weightloss/tools/exercise/... .
3 Depends on intensity. It's non-linear because of the muscle groups involved and the amount of resistance, your weight, and your general level of fitness.
4 Obviously there are many factors: For running there is your weight and the rate at which you're running (which would vary during a run I'm sure), and even how long your stride is. Same goes for cycling, you could travel a mile on speed 1 or 10, and there would be differing calories burned, or for swimming, there's the factor of resistance from the waves of the water. I'm looking for a general idea.
Not exact, which would be pretty hard to calculate I'm sure.
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